Undergraduate LLB (Hons)
Law
with a Foundation Year
Be fully prepared for a successful career in law.
Be fully prepared for a successful career in law.
Kent Law School brings the study of law to life and prepares you for a successful career in law. Our LLB in Law develops your critical and analytical skills, enables you to think about the role of law in society, and provides hands-on experience through opportunities to work on real cases in our Law Clinic. A law degree from Kent prepares you for a career in law and opens doors to many other professions.
Our research-led teaching encourages you to take a critical view of the law, engaging with the latest research undertaken by expert academics. Our diverse, international community of staff and students provides a dynamic and engaging environment to gain the professional legal skills and knowledge you need to change the world we live in.
Law with a Foundation Year extends access to the degree to students from a wide variety of qualifications and educational backgrounds. It is the ideal programme if you have completed a university entry level qualification but have grades below the level required for entry to the degree directly.
Hear from our students and academics about studying at Kent Law School, our community and the doors your time here will open.
Law at Kent was ranked 25th out of 102 in The Times Good University Guide 2024.
A partnership between students, academics, solicitors and barristers providing free legal advice and representation to those unable to afford it.
Our Prepare for Law programme is dedicated not only preparing you for higher education, but also to helping you secure your place at Kent.
Take part in co-curricular activities including lawyering skills modules in Mooting, Mock Trial Advocacy, and Negotiation.
The University will consider applications from students offering a wide range of qualifications. All applications are assessed on an individual basis but some of our typical requirements are listed below. Students offering qualifications not listed are welcome to contact our Admissions Team for further advice. Please also see our general entry requirements.
Law with a Foundation Year is an excellent conversion course for applicants who don't meet the academic requirements for direct entry but have shown academic ability in non-science subjects.
CCC
MMM
96 Tariff points from your IB Diploma, Typically H5, H5, H5 or equivalent.
English Language at grade C/4
N/A
The University will consider applicants holding T level qualifications in subjects closely aligned to the course.
Obtain Access to HE Diploma with 45 Credits at level 3 with 15 credits at Distinction and 15 credits at Merit and 15 credits at Pass.
Law with an Foundation Year is designed to accommodate students who have completed a level 3 qualification (such as A levels) but have not met the requirements to entry the degree directly, including students with comparable international qualifications. We consider applicants taking a wide variety of qualifications, and encourage you to contact us if you have any questions about whether the qualification you are taking, or the grades you have achieved, are acceptable for entry.
The following modules are offered to our current students. This listing is based on the current curriculum and may change year to year in response to new curriculum developments and innovation.
Through this module, students will improve the transferable academic skills necessary to successfully complete their other modules on the IFP and to succeed on their future undergraduate programmes. The programme of study will cover the development of critical and analytical skills.
Students will attend regular seminars/workshops each week, focusing on furthering their academic skills. They will receive input on developing a research topic; writing and presenting a proposal; developing research questions; and engaging in reflection on the research and writing process. Students will also review how to write an annotated bibliography; briefly revisit how to plan and write an essay and how to undertake research; and practice presentation skills. They will have the opportunity to meet with their tutor regularly during the term for tutorials, to discuss their individual projects and progress on the module.
Through this module, students will develop the transferable linguistic and academic skills necessary to successfully complete all the other modules on the IFP. The programme of study will cover academic writing, reading, speaking and listening skills.
The module will aim to develop a comprehensive understanding of the nature and sources of English law, including its political nature and the hierarchy and structure of the English Legal System. Included within this, the problems associated with the interpretation and implementation of the law will be highlighted. The political nature of law and its relation to justice will also be stressed. In addition to developing an understanding of the English Legal System and sources of law, students will be introduced to critical legal studies and a critical approach towards the law. A number of case studies taken from contemporary legal topics such as judicial diversity, access to justice, and reforming the legal system will be utilised, to enable students to better understand critical legal studies and critical approaches towards the law.
Through this module, students will be given a broad introduction to the study of politics and international relations with particular emphasis on key debates within the discipline as well as contemporary events. Students will be introduced to the contested nature of politics before moving on to consider how political systems are formed, what major ideas are that drive them as well as the question of how we compare political systems. This will deepen into an examination of political ideologies as well as the role of the state and the nation. Furthermore, students will consider national government functions and how the decision making process works, and how this is being challenged by the process of globalisation. From globalisation, we will move to consider IR as an important aspect of the study of politics, looking at the key theoretical approaches (realism, liberalism) while relating this to contemporary events (war on terror, global economic changes). Students will also spend time studying international history in the twentieth century as an important background to contemporary events as well as a sustained examination of the politics or decolonisation and development. Lastly, the module will draw out some of the ethical questions which arise in international relations and give students an opportunity to debate and discuss them.
The module aims to increase awareness of cultural differences and will explore cultural heritage, prejudices and stereotypes. Intercultural communication (verbal and non-verbal) will be explored across cultures to identify possible barriers which may result in cultural misunderstandings. Other aspects of cultures will be of focus, such as politeness, respect and power, sociocultural norms and etiquette. During the module, students will be encouraged to focus on a specific culture (which can be associated to a language learnt via Language Express) to gain a deeper understanding of both the culture and language combined.
Students will actively participate in independent and collaborative work. It is anticipated that through the range of seminars, students will develop their communication skills to engage effectively while in discussion and negotiation, both in written and in oral form, individually and as part of a team. In addition, students will be expected to read widely on related topics to underpin their credibility as both opinion leaders and as serious academic researchers.
Make rapid progress in understanding European and international business ahead of your undergraduate degree. Through our expert teaching and hands-on projects - including a Dragon's Den style presentation - you will quickly get up to speed with the topic of international business, while learning and developing your own leadership style. You’ll gain the knowledge, skills and confidence that create a strong foundation in international business for your undergraduate degree and beyond.
This module introduces students to the study of psychology, with the aim of providing an introductory understanding of key topics within psychology and seminal psychological research. The module will explore psychology as a Science and the research methods common in psychological research. The lectures will cover some of the key concepts and findings in the study of abnormal psychology, sensation, consciousness, child psychology, motivation, emotion, memory and attitudes, group processes (all in term 1) and evolutionary psychology, personality, visual perception, social-cognitive psychology, health psychology and psychobiology (all in term 2).
The module encourages students to explore classical concepts in psychology within the context of cutting edge research and contemporary issues within modern society. There is a particular focus on how psychology and concepts within the subject can inform controversial issues in everyday society.
The module will introduce students to critical legal techniques grounded in critical legal and social theory. Throughout the course, concepts are introduced through socio-legal and critical investigation of selected case studies - such as new pieces of legislation, emerging political campaigns and prominent litigation - ensuring that the course maintains a focus on 'law in action'. Particular attention will be paid to developments in foreign jurisdictions and in the international arena. Accordingly, case studies will alter from year to year, and draw heavily on research projects on-going in the Law School. The course has a heavy focus on primary legal materials and core critical texts, but will also draw on film, museum artefacts, art and literature as appropriate.
Section 1 Introduction to Obligations
a) The nature of the common law and its development.
b) The idea of precedent and legal reasoning.
c) The distinction between public law and private law.
d) The main divisions of obligations.
e) Drafting case notes
Section 2 Introduction to the law of contract
a) The historical development of contract law and its functions in the modern world.
b) A special area of study in contract e.g. formation and modification of contracts.
Section 3 Introduction to tort
a) The historical development of tort. An overview of different types of tort. The centrality of the tort of negligence and its role in the modern world.
b) A special study in tort – e.g. trespass to the person.
Section 4 Conclusion
A summary; critical approaches to the study of contract and tort; guidance to legal problem solving.
Following on from 'Introduction to Contract and Tort', 'Introduction to Property Law' continues the study of private law by introducing students to property law. 'Property' is something we tend to presume we know about, and rarely examine as an idea or practice closely. Most often we use it to connote an object or 'thing', and presume that it has something to do with ‘ownership’ of that object; we use expressions such as, 'This is mine,' and often do not examine the detail of what that really means.
This module begins to unpack and examine the ideas and practices of property more closely, looking in particular at land to ask questions such as: what do we mean by ‘ownership’? What happens when a number of competing ‘ownership claims’ in one object exist? What are the limits of 'ownership'? Does 'ownership' entail social obligation?
When preparing for the module it will be useful to think about (and collect material on) current debates over contested ownership (or use) of property and resources, especially in relation to land.
Part A: English Legal System
This module provides an overview of the English Legal System, including the following indicative topics:
1. An introduction to Parliament and the legislative process
2. The court structure and the doctrine of precedent
3. An introduction to case law, including how to identify and the importance of ratio decidendi and obiter dicta
Part B: Introduction to Legal Skills
The module also gives students an introduction to the basic legal skills that they will develop further in their other modules throughout the degree. The focus here is on specific exercises to support exploration and use of the library resources that are available, both in paper copy and electronically through the legal databases, and on understanding practices of legal citation.
As one of the Foundations of Legal Knowledge, these modules have a direct contribution to qualification as a solicitor or barrister in England and Wales). The content of these modules is informed, therefore, by the requirements of the Solicitors Regulation Authority and Bar Standards Board and each serves to provide students with substantive knowledge of English criminal law. The module therefore covers the following:
• Introduction to the concept of crime, the structure of criminal justice and the general principles of liability
• Harm and the boundaries of criminal law
• Considering cases – how to effectively summarise cases and write a case note
• Murder
• Defences to murder
• General defences
• Manslaughter
• Non-fatal offences against the person
• Sexual offences
• Inchoate offences
• Complicity
• Property-related offences
TERM 1
• Constitutionalism: history, theories, principles and contemporary significance
• Models of Government at national, local and supra-national levels
TERM 2
• Human Rights – history and contemporary significance and deployment
• The scope of governmental authority and its limits
• Judicial review and other forms of citizen redress
I could tell that the course here seemed different from others. They want you to take a critical approach.Kausara Rasaki, Law LLB
From commonplace, simple transactions, such as purchasing a bus ticket or a chocolate bar from a vending machine, to high-stakes commercial agreements, contracts govern countless interactions. You'll undertake a comprehensive study of the law of contract and its pervasive and essential role in our daily lives. You'll develop knowledge and understanding of the principles and theory of contract law and their application.
This module begins by introducing you to the law of contract, locating it within private law and looking at the historical development and its functions in the modern world. Thereafter, you'll explore the doctrine and problem-solving in contract law by considering the lifecycle of contracts, e.g., the formation of a contract, requirements for its enforceability, its terms and policing of bargaining behaviour, potential performance issues, its subsequent discharge, and remedies. You'll then focus on contract theory (e.g. freedom of contract and its limits), overlaying the doctrine studied with a basic theoretical framework and ground your understanding of contract law and contractual relationships.
What is property? What is the distinct character and effect of property rights compared to contractual and other personal rights? You'll be introduced to the nature of property generally, and then go on to focus on one particular form of property - ‘real’ property, or land, as distinguished from personal property. You'll examine the system of land registration in English law, and how this shapes the ability to enforce interests in land against others.
Various types of interests in land will be studied, to enable you to develop an in-depth understanding of English land law and an ability to apply your knowledge to legal problems relating to interests in land. You'll be encouraged to consider the politics of real property law and the impact of economic logics in this area of law. Exploring how property and land law shape relationships between people, you'll consider challenging subjects such as squatting, leases, and the financing of the family home.
What does it mean to say that someone is ‘negligent’? How do you know when liability for negligence arises? You'll explore in depth tort law’s most important tort: the tort of negligence, looking at its specific elements and legal concepts related to it. You'll develop proficiency in the use of case law-based arguments as a way of determining liability in tort. Through an in-depth focus on modern decided cases you will:
Become familiar with the idea that cases can be read in different ways;
Improve your legal argument skills;
Identify some contested boundaries of tort law.
You'll also consider the role played by statutes in tortious liability, including in defences to tort claims, and the liability of occupiers of land, manufacturers and/or publishers. You'll learn how tort protects interests in land and the person.
Explore the relationship between tort law and its social context to explain its shape and contemporary debates about its scope. By observing where the lines of liability are currently drawn, you'll consider what this reveals about private rights and obligations, the balance between responsibility for harm and freedom of action, and access to justice.
What is equity? Does equity still have a role in modern law? What is a trust? How have trusts changed to meet changing social and economic needs? Do equitable doctrines and remedies and trusts law protect the vulnerable or protect the powerful?
Equity is a distinctive legal tradition in common law systems, with its own concepts, techniques, doctrines and remedies. You'll learn about the historical emergence of ‘equity’ rooted in the concept of ‘conscience’ and examine the fate of equity in the English legal system and other common law jurisdictions. You'll discover developments in equitable remedies concerned with remedying unconscionable conduct and abuses of power in private transactions, and the social, political and economic contexts of these developments. Arguably equity’s most important contribution is the trust. You'll learn the anatomy of the trust, how to create valid trusts, the obligations that trustees are subject to, and how these have changed to meet the evolving needs and desires of property owners and markets. In considering these transformations, you'll develop your ability to understand and critically assess the role of equity and trusts in contemporary law and society and reflect on the nature of private law.
How much power does the EU really have over its member states? When national interests and EU law clash, who should ultimately have the final say? You'll be introduced to EU law, by examining its foundational principles, key doctrines, and the institutions that shape its operation. In exploring the core aspects of EU law, you will gain a deeper understanding of:
How the EU balances the interests of member states with individual rights.
The role of the customs union in facilitating trade within the EU.
The power of judicial interpretation in shaping EU law.
The principle of supremacy of EU law and its impact on national legal systems.
Through analysing these substantive areas, you'll develop essential skills in applying legal principles, presenting complex arguments effectively, and evaluating the broader social, economic, and legal implications of EU law.
Approximately 75% of the world’s legal systems do not belong to the common law tradition but to the civil law tradition. This means that they were shaped not by English law but by Roman law, either directly (e.g. France, Germany, Spain) or through colonisation (e.g. Brazil, Indonesia, Mexico).
If you want to operate on the international scene, you're likely to come into contact with the civil law tradition. We'll introduce you to the very different ways in which civil law governments, judges, lawyers and law professors think about the law. The materials and coursework are provide a solid introduction if you're planning to spend time in a civil law jurisdiction, whether during a year abroad as part of your studies or in your future working life.
When atrocities occur, for example during wars or other conflicts, how can the perpetrators be held to account? How does international law seek to do so? What kind of justice does international criminal law deliver and for whom?
Through this introduction to key debates about the principles and practices of international criminal law, you'll increase your ability to understand and critically assess the response of international law to crimes that are widely understood to touch on the interests of all humankind. You will gain knowledge about the core crimes in international criminal law (genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and aggression) and the operation of key institutions, such as the International Criminal Court and their relationships with national processes. You will gain understanding of the roles of key parties and participants in international criminal processes. By considering the theories that underpin the principles and practices of international criminal law and the politics that constrain them, you will develop the ability to critically reflect upon international criminal law and its effects in a range of contexts. Through understanding the historical, political, economic and social contexts of international criminal law you will be able to evaluate the promise of international criminal law as well as its limitations in delivering justice after atrocity. You do not need to have studied the earlier International Law: Principles and Sources in order to take this module, but you may find it useful to do so.
How are work relationships regulated? You will gain a solid understanding of the principles of individual labour law as well as the importance of the employment relationship and the employment contract in the current social, political and economic context. As well as developing a detailed knowledge of fundamental aspects of labour law, you will be introduced to broader conceptual, critical and evaluative perspectives on the labour market and workplace regulation. You will integrate legal analysis and practical legal skills with a contextual and interdisciplinary understanding of debates around labour regulation. Key aspects of the modern employment relationship covered in the module will include the contract of employment (for example, its formation and its content, and the importance of employment status) and statutory employment protections (for example, unfair dismissal and redundancy protection regulations).
How is medical practice and decision-making influenced by bioethics, law and health policy? This module considers the legal regulation of medical practice in its ethical, socio-economic and historical contexts. It draws on a range of critical, contextual and interdisciplinary perspectives. You’ll learn about dominant traditions of bioethical theory and the major principles of medical law. Your knowledge and critical legal abilities will develop through discussions of ethical concepts and theories like consequentialism, virtue ethics, altruism, care ethics, deontology, justice, autonomy, beneficence, and non-maleficence. You’ll learn to critically analyse legal, social, and ethical tensions found in issues such as medical malpractice, consent to treatment and capacity, confidentiality and clinical research. Module content will respond to changes in law, health policy and bioethics and to changes in health care services resulting from, for example, pandemics, NHS resourcing issues, national inquiries, and emerging clinical developments.
What is a coroner? What is their role in the English legal system? The role of the coroner is a unique one in the judicial process. They have an obligation to investigate sudden and unnatural deaths, holding formal inquests when necessary. You will explore Coronial Law (the law regulating coronial inquiries) and its historical and current influences in English law. You will examine the role of the coroner and their powers and duties within the process, including inquests. You will explore the principles and current issues of Coronial Law including issues of justice for families and access to justice. You will acquire the necessary skills to complete the module by examining the procedural process, examining critical issues through case studies and participating in and reviewing a mock coroner’s inquest.
Addressing KLS in November 2021, the President of the UK Supreme Court, Lord Reed, identified jurisprudence as one of only three modules necessary for a future-proof law degree. Why? Because jurisprudence is immensely practical. It seeks to understand and consider the internal point of view of judges, practitioners and other legal actors, who want not predictions of the legal claims they will make, but arguments about what the law requires them to do and why. The subject matter is therefore not tort law, or contract, or crime, but law itself, seen from the inside and located critically in historical and cultural context. In this way, Jurisprudence builds on and draws together all of the core modules, exploring the philosophical reasons why judges disagree within and across judgments. The grasp of the strikingly different and often hidden commitments jurisprudence reveals will benefit you in deeper understanding of your discipline and degree, in your ability to better comprehend legal materials and in your production of more persuasive legal arguments in education and practice.
What is the role of the police in the investigation of criminal offences? What powers do the police have to perform this role? And what happens when the police act in a way which does not align with legal and social expectations? In seeking out the answers to these questions you will learn about police powers and how they are governed within the law. You will have the opportunity to put yourself in the role of the police and consider their relationship with both legal representatives and suspects. You will examine whether and how the law can address power disparities between the individual and the police. In developing your understanding of the police you will be asked to consider contemporary debates and draw insights from historical, social, political and legal perspectives to critique police practice.
How are conflicts in and challenges affecting the world of sport being or not being resolved? To what extent are the welfare of athletes and the governance of sport being effectively addressed? In this module you will receive a foundational exposition and appreciation of the nature and extent to which the law relating to sport is able to address these and other important questions and issues. In addition to considering key elements of the relevant legal and institutional framework, you will explore a broad spectrum of legal and other influences on the development of contemporary governance of sport at national and international levels. This will include considering the development of lex sportiva (the legal regime specifically attuned to addressing sports-related legal conflicts as developed, in particular, by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) based in Lausanne, Switzerland) as well as appraising the influence that other legal sources (such as national and international law) may have in shaping and defining sports law.
If people are unable to support themselves financially should the state step in? Is poverty a social fact or a social problem that the law can alleviate? The UK spends in excess of £250 billion per year on benefits and pensions. Some consider this to be both unaffordable and unjustified. But for many claimants the financial support is inadequate and the claim process is impersonal and demeaning.
You'll examine the law and structure of the UK’s welfare state through the lens of welfare rights and the perspective of claimants. You will develop knowledge of benefits law: the eligibility rules around ill-health, disability and immigration status, the obligations the state requires of claimants and their legal rights to challenge/appeal benefit decisions.
You'll become familiar with the UK’s benefits system and will be able to identify the interrelationships between welfare law and other areas of law such as: public law, housing law, criminal law, immigration law. You will also critically engage with the ongoing debates as to the future of welfare and whether welfare rights are human rights.
Justice is one of the most important concepts in legal and political thought, but what is justice and why does it matter? Is there just one type of justice? Is going to court the only or best option for achieving justice? You will tackle these questions and many more through an in-depth examination of the concept justice, exploring law’s ability and suitability to respond to issues of justice and reflecting on alternative ways of responding to injustice.
You will start by exploring theoretical accounts of justice, such as those by Rawls, Nielsen, Sandel and Nussbaum and different approaches such as corrective, distributive and restorative justice. You will then apply this theoretical foundation to a series of case studies that identify examples of injustice; critically evaluating possible responses such as court-based action, social justice movements, and restorative justice projects. You'll build on the critical examination of law and legal systems undertaken in your earlier studies and take these ideas further, offering a new method of critical study. Focusing on one concept, justice, allows a more detailed and in-depth examination of this fundamental legal concept, creating space for engagement with a wider variety of theoretical approaches to justice and the opportunity to develop stronger skills of critique essential for success in your degree.
Devoted entirely to developing your practical skill in argument, your engagement and practice in this module builds ability and understanding that will benefit you in successful legal professional practice - and across many other areas of employment and everyday activity. Despite frequent mention in educational and employment contexts (where the skill is often tested as part of an interview process), few graduates have received the formal training needed to present knowledgeable, winning argument consistently and with self-belief. You gain a critical edge, empowering you to engage in argument effectively in any situation, both by developing the skill of presenting a compelling case and by sharpening your awareness of when poor or underhand arguments are being used against you, enabling you to call these out wherever they arise. Requiring no previous knowledge of any area of law, you will develop expertise in strategy, logic, fallacy identification and rhetoric from the ground up, in the only pure skills module in the law curriculum.
From war, poverty and genocide to decolonisation, trade and climate change, an understanding of the fundamentals of international law is essential to anyone wishing to make sense of the biggest challenges our world is facing. You'll be led step-by-step through international law’s foundational principles, sources and institutions, as developed, demanded, violated and enforced by states and various non-state actors. The aim is to familiarise you with the distinctive logic of international law – a logic that underpins every one of its specific regimes (such as international humanitarian law, the law of the sea or international investment law) and conditions the response of states, international courts and multilateral institutions to the problems these regimes address. You’ll learn how to apply this logic, bringing international law to bear on real-world politics, economics and history. But we’ll also reverse this relationship, bringing politics, economics and history to bear on international law in order to contextualise and think more critically about a discipline whose benevolence often goes unquestioned. Is international law always ‘part of the solution’, or might it be implicated in the very problems it is called upon to solve?
Why study Animal Law? Animal Law is a fast-developing field of study, scholarship and practice. Studying one of only a few courses if its type currently offered at a UK law school, you'll be introduced to important domestic, European and international legal instruments governing the treatment of non-human animals. You are encouraged to critically assess key theories developed in moral philosophy and ethics that have been a source of inspiration for many animal rights lawyers. You will explore and discuss, through a range of concrete examples, the extent to which ethical, historical, socio-economic, political, religious and other factors have shaped the development of Animal Law in the UK and around the world.
Can justice only be delivered in a court room? Is justice delayed, justice denied? What is the alternative? With an increasing demand on our civil justice system to deliver timely and cost-effective justice, you will evaluate whether there is a more appropriate way of resolving disputes to limit some of the damage caused by choosing only to litigate. You will master the core principles of appropriate dispute resolution (ADR) and using case law, identify how shifting judicial attitudes have led to an alternative to the court room. You will explore how ADR informs our understanding of broader themes of justice and learn how to advise a client as to the merits of ADR. By the end of this module, you will also develop the necessary practical skills to analyse and resolve a dispute through an understanding of various alternative dispute resolution processes such as mediation and negotiation before learning how to conduct a successful arbitration.
Can juries understand complex scientific evidence? A new technique for matching ear prints is developed - who decides when this new technique is sufficiently reliable to be used in court – scientists or judges? Does the CSI Effect really exist?
You will be examining these questions and more during the term, considering how criminal law makes use of science during the trial process. Forensic evidence is a rapidly developing area, new techniques such as digital biometric data are increasingly presented as evidence. This rapid expansion from fingerprints to DNA through to digital data has resulted in forensic evidence becoming increasingly debated in both the media and by the courts – from articles hailing DNA profiling as uncovering miscarriages of justice to those questioning a jury’s ability to understand highly complex scientific evidence.
You will critically investigate how different forms of forensic evidence are used, the reliability of scientific techniques and their value and place within the criminal justice system. We will develop these ideas through engaging with contemporary issues of forensic evidence, placing them within the wider social and transnational context. This has included studies of the use of facial recognition technology, the idea of the CSI Effect, probabilities in a legal context and sharing evidence across jurisdictions.
You have the opportunity to select elective modules in this stage.
International humanitarian law is the body of law developed to regulate armed conflict. It was historically envisioned as a legal means of restricting the excesses of war between states. Over time, doctrinal developments have extended the law governing armed conflict to non-international armed conflicts and non-state actors and forms of accountability have arisen through the related field of international criminal law. This module is not restricted to a study of law alone; it places international humanitarian law in broader social, political and historical contexts, including its close relationship to the law concerning the use of force. Doctrinally, you will address select concepts, principles and rules governing the recourse to force as well as the conduct of hostilities in armed conflict. Thematically, you will consider topics such as:
The relationship between international law and international relations;
Problems of classifying and categorizing, such as the distinction between civilians and combatants and the distinction between international and non-international armed conflicts;
Challenges brought by new means and methods of warfare, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), the move toward developing lethal autonomous weapons systems (‘LAWS’) and the practice of ‘targeted killing’
Accountability for breaches of international humanitarian law.
How does property law respond to new forms and conceptions of property in contemporary society? What do those responses say about property as a legal institution, and the role of power? This module builds on Property Law to look at property in its many different forms. You will be encouraged to question the common-sense understanding of property as privately owned 'things’, which the law merely recognises and protects. You will explore the active, constructive and political role of law in constituting the relationships which make up property in particular historical, philosophical and/or cultural contexts. Each week, you will engage with case studies and theoretical readings from a wide range of topics, such as: claims of ownership of human bodies and bodily materials; the contribution of property law to racialisation and the formation of social identities; the role of property interests in both exacerbating and responding to climate change; and emerging categories of property, including data derived from social media use. By examining how property law responds to developments and innovations in contemporary society, this module will provide you with the critical thinking skills required for reflective and creative professional practice.
Your lecturers go on strike. Junior doctors stage a walkout. Do they have a legal right to do so? Why? You'll focus on the legal framework on collective bargaining and the right to strike. The Equality Act 2010 provides a legal framework that seeks to protect people from discrimination, including in the workplace. You'll consider how anti-discrimination legislation shapes the employment relationship. You will develop a detailed knowledge of key aspects of collective labour law and anti-discrimination legislation. Develop your capacity to integrate legal analysis and practical legal skills with a contextual and interdisciplinary understanding of human rights and equality regulation at work. You will examine freedom of association, a central feature of human rights and selected aspects of collective labour law such as the role and status of trade unions, the legal regulation of collective bargaining and the regulation of industrial conflict. You will study anti-discrimination legislation, particularly the Equality Act 2010, related to areas such as sex, ethnic origin, disability, sexual orientation, religion or belief and age, as well as provisions for reconciling work and family life, such as pregnancy protection and parental leave.
Experiencing the law in action is a unique learning opportunity. By engaging in live casework in the Clinic, you will develop a deep understanding of the law, acquire practical legal skills and learn to reflect on the law in its wider sociological and political context.
Experiencing the law in action is a unique learning opportunity. By engaging in live casework in the Clinic, you will develop a deep understanding of the law, acquire practical legal skills and learn to reflect on the law in its wider sociological and political context.
You will participate in real life legal work under the supervision of experienced legal practitioners to assist clients of Kent Law Clinic. Helping to solve problems that impact upon the everyday lives of people who live with disadvantage will enable you to develop a sense of professional responsibility and will provide you with a rewarding experience.
You'll develop a range of legal skills through actively participating in tasks such as interviewing clients and drafting legal documents whilst also learning important practical skills including time management and empathy towards clients.
You will be assessed on your ability to carry out casework tasks and independent legal research throughout the term. Using your distinct casework experience you will then critically reflect on the relationship between your client’s legal problem and broader socio-legal issues.
Your learning will be supported by a holistic combination of seminars, small group supervision, one to one meetings and feedback sessions. You will also benefit from peer support and become part of the vibrant Kent Law Clinic community.
To what extent should the validity of laws be judged by their ethical standing? Is there a threshold beyond which laws deemed immoral should be considered invalid? You will explore how the relationship between morality and law has been understood and theorised and how this relationship has been often conflictual. The methodology of this module will be historical and contextual as well as theoretical and analytical.
You will look at how jurisprudence has conceptualised the existential link between morality and law, with specific reference to the moral concept of individual rights, the main theories of morality developed in Western culture and history, the difference between natural and positive law, and the idea of “modern subjectivity”. You will then move onto focus on the conflicts between morality and law in the context of modern legal and political theory and contemporary history. For the modern mind, the concepts of morality and the function of law are deceptively simple. However, when examined closely, in their operational connection, they give rise to all sorts of questions and problems, for example: is evil law still law? To what extent and for what reasons can rights be suspended in times of emergency? To what extent is disobedience justified when the law is considered to be morally wrong?
Experiencing the law in action is a unique learning opportunity. By engaging in live casework in the Clinic, you will develop a deep understanding of the law, acquire practical legal skills and learn to reflect on the law in its wider sociological and political context.
You will participate in real life legal work under the supervision of experienced legal practitioners to assist clients of Kent Law Clinic. Helping to solve problems that impact upon the everyday lives of people who live with disadvantage will enable you to develop a sense of professional responsibility and will provide you with a rewarding experience.
You'll develop a range of legal skills through actively participating in tasks such as interviewing clients and drafting legal documents whilst also learning important practical skills including time management and empathy towards clients.
You will be assessed on your ability to carry out casework tasks and independent legal research throughout the term. Using your distinct casework experience you will then critically reflect on the relationship between your client’s legal problem and broader socio-legal issues.
Your learning will be supported by a holistic combination of seminars, small group supervision, one to one meetings and feedback sessions. You will also benefit from peer support and become part of the vibrant Kent Law Clinic community.
What is the purpose of banking law? Why are banks subject to distinct forms of regulatory supervision? You will learn about UK banking law and about the broader social, economic, and political issues and controversies that have surrounded banking in the years since the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. You will appraise and analyse the role of banks in money creation. You will explore the relationship between banks and the UK’s banking regulators, including the Bank of England. You will learn about the bank-customer relationship, the role of banks in the payments system and the anti-money laundering regime with which banks must comply. You will explore the lending of money by banks to their customers and the security taken for the loans granted. Throughout this module, you will be encouraged to consider and evaluate the tensions and controversies that banks and banking regulators face as they pursue their sometimes complementary, sometimes conflicting objectives.
How are human rights protected in the law of England and Wales? To what extent does the European Convention on Human Rights and its case law affect our law? How is parliamentary sovereignty affected by the courts of England and Wales’ ability to follow the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights when interpreting UK legislation? You’ll examine these and other related questions as you navigate issues such as the right to freedom of expression and the right to protest, the right to life, the right to liberty and security and the right to a fair trial. You’ll consider developments such as new and proposed legislation and assess the extent to which they either respect or undermine human rights in England and Wales. You’ll consider relevant developments at the level of the Council of Europe and the impact these might have on law and policy in the UK. This is an exciting and ever-evolving area of law and one which attracts a lot of, often very inaccurate, attention in the media. You’ll be able to make a much more detailed and accurate assessment of human rights law as a result of examining these questions and issues in the module.
How and why do states use law to regulate international trade and investment? How can international economic disputes be resolved? What are the implications for corporations and individuals? How have the answers to these questions changed over time?
You'll use a critical sociolegal approach to systematically explore the legal texts, social contexts and moral subtexts that make up international economic law. Focus is on trade and investment as two core economic activities, on multinational corporations and states as key actors and on regulatory systems such as contracts and treaties, including treaty-based international organisations such as the World Trade Organisation. You will explore the interplay between economic principles and international law principles, in times of calm and in times of crisis. You will engage with podcasts and films to bring to life multiple perspectives from, for example, the public, private, and third sectors; the relatively poor and relatively rich; and from local, national, regional and global levels.
When you bake a cake, you need a list of ingredients and a recipe. Imagine the adversarial trial is a cake. If the substantive law provides the ingredients, then it is the law of evidence that provides the recipe and teaches you how to bake.
You will be asked to think like a lawyer. You will develop skills in inferential reasoning and apply them to various scenarios. You will be able to assess whether certain pieces of evidence have relevance, sufficient weight and probative value that outweighs prejudicial effect. You will be able to apply various exclusionary rules and discretions, whilst also critically examining these rules in their social and political contexts.
Armed with the knowledge and skills obtained in this module, you will be in a great position not only to undertake the first steps towards qualifying as a barrister or solicitor, but also have the skills to be able logically and coherently analyse, reason and argue in all sorts of other contexts. The law of evidence is a compulsory subject for both the SQE and BSB (Bar Standards Board) Central examinations.
What is the role of law in identifying and addressing human suffering on a global scale? You will confront this question by examining the evolution, principles, institutions and functions of international human rights law in their political, social, economic and especially, cultural contexts. You will gain a detailed knowledge and understanding of the origins and development of human rights law through critical study and analysis of key theoretical perspectives and debates. Through this module you will consider the relevance, or otherwise, of international human rights law to historical and/or contemporary challenges and critically assess its limitations and effects. In particular, you will focus on how international human rights issues (especially as they concern the ‘victims’, ‘perpetrators’, and ‘beneficiaries’ of human rights abuses) are represented in the broader popular culture and how they can be critically identified and analysed.
How does international law impact on matters we read or hear about in our daily news? Does it have any relevance, for example, to issues such as violence against women, climate change, inequality, or the so-called migration crisis? These are the sorts of issues you will consider, in seeking to understand the role of international law in holding states accountable for their actions or omissions in these fields.
You will also consider the nature of international law, viewing it through several theoretical lenses, such as Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL scholarship), or feminist approaches to international law. You’ll assess the extent to which international law takes account of the views, interests and concerns of the peoples of the Global South and those of women from across the world. Through this, you’ll be able to assess the extent to which international law is a useful tool for regulating states’ actions in the 21st Century.
Have you ever considered teaching law in schools? Do you want to bring law to life for younger students? This is a one-term placement opportunity that allows you to teach on a unique programme in selected primary schools within the local community. Using the format of the hit TV show, Taskmaster, this exciting outreach project enables you to teach young people interesting aspects of the law through fun and interactive tasks. You will work with Year Five classes for approximately six hours over a period of four weeks in a Spring Term (excluding travel to and from the school and preparation and debrief time with the teacher). You will deliver each session with a team, on selected topics of the law, such as the operation of law, statutory interpretation, Tort Law and Human Rights. You will be supported in developing the skills needed for this project and provided guidance on the requirements for logging your activities and experiences, including a consultation and reflection on the sessions. This module will enable you to apply your legal knowledge, whilst teaching skills that are transferable to other professions.
What other topic in the study of law can boast of being as inevitable as death? Tax law pervades the world of business and also has a major impact on decisions taken in the private sphere. It is highly political, having vastly greater redistributive effects than almost any other direct exercise of the power of the state. But it is not about numbers or computations. It is about questions of legal doctrine, the structure and meaning of people's dealings with each other and (putting the two together, as with other areas of law) the application of the law to the facts.
You will become familiar with several major topics in tax law, such as the taxation of business profits, the taxation of employment income, the taxation of capital gains and VAT. You will explore important questions of principle and you will consider the policy debates that arise from them. Underpinning it all it, you will acquire some of the insights that the study of tax law provides into the seemingly unending three-way struggle between human populations, privately held wealth and the coercive power of the state.
How does law institute and regulate material spaces? How do spatial configurations intersect with law? In this interdisciplinary module you will examine how the understanding of law, regulation and policy can be improved by studying the spaces and spatial orders that the law institutes and regulates, as well as the ways in which spatial configurations generate materialisations of and resistances to law. You'll draw from urban planning, urban law, architecture, urban governance, socio-legal and critical legal studies, legal geography, and spatial approaches across disciplines.
Case studies may include: prisons, ghettos, slums, social housing, homelessness, refugee camps, immigration detention facilities, modern, future, utopian cities, street art, activism and occupations, digital and virtual spaces, ecocide and the protection of oceans, coastlines, and forests, the availability and uses of public spaces and non-western cultures of spatial relations. Drawing on contemporary events and examples and methods from the social sciences and the humanities you will be introduced to dominant paradigms of understanding the intersection of law, space and power, and consider ways in which they can be challenged.
What theoretical frameworks can help us to understand the concepts of race, religion, gender and sexuality? How do these concepts intersect with each other and with other social relations? You will engage with the issue of social justice from a range of different perspectives and consider legal and policy responses to contemporary social issues, such as gender and race pay gaps, unequal access to healthcare, and the limits of anti-discrimination frameworks. In doing so, you will discuss, debate, ask questions and consider diverse perspectives on the concepts being studied and relate them to specific case studies. You will have the opportunity to choose your own essay question or research project on a topic concerning race, religion, sexuality and/or gender justice. In preparation for this assessment, you will be introduced to and guided through key legal and interdisciplinary texts, debate and engage with these texts, develop your skills of analysis and argumentation and consider a range of sometimes conflicting perspectives on social justice issues.
The ability of a country to control access to its territory is a major topic of national and international debate. Should a state have the absolute ability to control its borders? Or should states give priority to the human rights of individuals seeking entrance or resisting removal – such as the right not to face torture or the right to family life? What role should Parliament or the courts play in deciding who should be allowed to enter and reside in the UK?
You will be introduced to immigration law in the United Kingdom including its historical development and the wider political context. In particular, you will cover topics such as: family migration and human rights, labour migration and trafficking, deportation law and foreign national offenders, long-term residence rights and “illegal” migration.
Drawing on policy documents, case law and critical analysis of developments at the national and international level, the module will enable you to acquire both sound knowledge of the law and critical awareness of the biases, gaps and challenges in the current immigration system.
Lectures will introduce you to key contemporary policy debates in the UK. Seminars will discuss key caselaw and involve practical case studies, allowing you to apply your knowledge to real-life scenarios.
In the current context of transnationalism, decolonialism and globalisation, every law student in the UK or abroad will almost inevitably encounter foreign law during their professional life. For one thing, international organisations regularly undertake cross-country comparisons to evaluate the efficiency of domestic laws. Also, law makers show themselves open to the influence of foreign legal ideas in the legislative process. Further, appellate judges increasingly refer to foreign law in the course of their opinions. Moreover, private parties often enter into legal arrangements, such as contracts or wills, presenting an international dimension. In sum, nowadays, foreign law is everywhere and cannot be avoided. In this module you will gain the necessary knowledge and methods to approach and compare any foreign law in a meaningful way. In particular, the module will heighten your sensitivity to the specificity of foreign legal cultures and encourage you to reflect in depth upon the possibilities and limits of cross-border interaction in the law. Another feature of this module will be a critical introduction to hermeneutics, deconstruction and translation studies as they relate to law. The module will develop concrete examples from a range of different national laws. You do not require any prior knowledge of foreign law or a foreign language.
We live in an era when legal decision-making seems both increasingly influenced and increasingly challenged, by science and technology. How can we make sense of the relationships between law and the fast-changing world of science and technology? How do we pay attention to the risks, inequalities, and injustices that may be produced when states uncritically use new technologies, or fail to acknowledge the inherent limitations, or blind spots, of global scientific knowledge? You'll be introduced to several interrelated fields including law, socio-legal studies, Science and Technology Studies (STS), anthropology and sociology, to think about these questions. You will critically engage with contemporary examples such as public health regulations; climate change; law and scientific expertise; the regulation of reproductive technologies; science in the courtroom; and the use of technologies in legal decision-making. You will use the literature to not only frame debates but to find ways of challenging the dominant paradigms through which the relationship between law and scientific knowledge tends to be understood. Cross-cutting themes for the module will include: legal decision-making and scientific uncertainty; the role of expertise in legal decision-making; the interface between law, power and technoscience; notions of objectivity and truth both in law and science; global science, postcolonialism and global inequalities.
The day you have been dreading for two years has arrived. You always knew that you would have to go to court and tell them what happened. You’re scared, you’re young, you have a disability and you can’t communicate well. You are vulnerable. How will the court hear your evidence? Will the cross-examination be ‘like a wounded animal being tortured in court’? Who are you? Are you the victim or are you the defendant?
You will examine what it means to be a vulnerable person in the criminal trial. You will critically evaluate the laws and processes that exist to help vulnerable witnesses give the best evidence they can. You will appraise the role of different stakeholders, whether that be the defence advocate cross-examining, the judge ruling in a ‘ground rules’ hearing or an intermediary advising the court on what measures a witness or defendant needs.
You will consider the debates surrounding rape myths and sexual offence trial reforms. You will gain an understanding of how young offenders are treated in the criminal justice system, and whether their vulnerabilities are taken into account. You will examine these debates from a range of different perspectives.
What is privacy? Why does it matter and how can we protect it? How can data be protected in a digital era where everything seems to be shared? You will focus on answering these questions and more through looking at the way the law defines and constructs privacy, cybersecurity threats and digital surveillance in the UK, EU and elsewhere and how the law regulates data protection, freedom of information and consent for digital and personal information collection. This will allow you to explore rapidly changing privacy and data protection issues including the ‘right to be forgotten’, the Internet of Things (IoT), AI, cybersecurity law post-Snowden and how we approach developments in digital surveillance such as facial recognition technology (FRT) and the use of AI.
You will be asked to critically examine whether privacy protection laws, consent and confidentiality measures are fit for purpose. You will engage in critical analysis of how personal, health and economic transactional data are managed, who has access to this information and for what purposes. This is placed within the broader context of the digital and cyber landscape, considering hacking and transnational cybercrimes. You will be required to assess emerging legal, regulatory, data protection and personal privacy issues raised by widespread access to personal information, responding to changes in data protection law and changes in the cyber landscape.
What is the interrelationship between political theory and law in our times? Drawing upon a broad range of political theory, you will explore key concepts of political relevance to law, such as: sovereignty, power, community, the subject and resistance. You will build a solid understanding of political theory in relation to these key concepts and then use this understanding to examine contemporary political and juridical questions, such as those of: democracy and citizenship, multiculturalism, bio-politics, secularism, terrorism, post-colonialism and contemporary formations of Empire. In so doing, you will gain the intellectual tools necessary to apply insights from political theory and philosophy to the study of law and its relevant problems.
Multinational corporations (MNCs) have the power to shape the lives of communities across the globe. At times, this power can be used to prioritise profit over people, create laws or even cause wars. This module asks, what is the role of MNCs in shaping global governance? how can we hold MNCs accountable when they cause harm to communities across the globe? Is such accountability possible?
In the first part of the module, you will examine the history of the rise of corporate power from colonialisation to neoliberalism, observing the growing accountability gap along the way. With these premises in mind, in the second part of the module you will study the regulations governing corporate conduct affecting communities across the globe. You will engage with different international legal regimes, focusing on the emerging field of business and human rights. You will also discuss investment and trade laws, among others. Finally, in the third part of the module you will engage with the practice of global corporate accountability through case studies, exploring the potentialities and limitations of both civil and criminal litigation.
Why is music as an art form controlled and occasionally criminalised by the state? What are the potential implications for artistic expression and cultural freedom within society? You will approach the relationship between music and law from two main points of view: one theoretical and the other critical and sociological. You will first explore how music and the soundscape have been theorised as a specific legal and political problem in the field of Law and the Humanities. Drawing on these theoretical principles, you will go on to examine state intervention in censoring or controlling music and the attempt at criminalising specific genres of music. A specific focus will be the use of rap music in criminal trials in the UK and US and the use of lawsuits as a weapon to criminalise heavy metal bands.
Millions of people have been forced to cross the borders of their home state and seek asylum. How do legal systems (national and international) provide or deny protection to asylum seekers and refugees and why? In this module you will engage critically with the matter of asylum and refugeehood in both a national and international context. You will be introduced to the sources of asylum and refugee law and a critical consideration of the relevant case law in the UK and internationally. You will employ interdisciplinary material to aid understanding and reflection on the historical and socio-cultural evolution of the governance and regulation of asylum and refugee subjects. In addition, you will devote critical attention to key contemporary problems in asylum and refugee law, and refugee studies more broadly, including current national and international developments and scholarly and practitioner reflections in the field.
What are the limits of protection that tort law offers? Whose interests does tort law prioritise and who does it fail? When does tort law intersect with human rights issues? You will focus on various contentious areas of tort law from a critical perspective.
You will consider where such issues arise (using your prior knowledge and understanding of the foundational levels of tort law taught in the earlier Tort Law module) in areas such as: reproductive harms, wrongful birth/life, ‘toxic torts’, invasion of privacy and/or autonomy, feminist perspectives on/critiques of torts, tort law and sexual violence, negligent policing (and negligence of other public bodies), tort law and human rights, transnational torts, access to justice and conceptions of justice in tort, and philosophy of tort. Various themes will be identified as existing within and threading through the topics covered, such as (non-exhaustively) ‘gender’, ‘autonomy’, ‘power’, ‘money’, ‘justice’, ‘environment’.
Teaching of each specific topic is undertaken by an ‘expert’; resultantly the coverage of topics may vary on an annual basis according to staff availability.
You'll have already considered questions about the applicability of bioethical theories and concepts to legal decision-making and health care policy in your studies. Now you have the opportunity to explore and deepen your knowledge and critical legal abilities by exploring further questions such as how advances in genetic medicine challenge assisted reproductive regulation and the delivery of personalised medicine and whether social and ethical values about assisted dying, abortion, and public versus private medicine should be drivers for legal and regulatory change. You will build on the understanding developed in Law and Medical Ethics. You will engage in more in-depth and critical enquiry and will gain greater insight into bioethical, clinical, and legal tensions by examining current issues, regulatory developments, and case studies as a platform for developing specialist knowledge, ideas, and awareness. You will be adopting a research and scholarship led approach allowing you to make a more sustained, critical, and directed analysis of emerging issues in bioethics, health policy and medical law, such as pandemics, developments in genetics, xenotransplantation and the effects of ableism and structural racism.
Do lawyers have moral duties as well as legal duties? Should they be required to defend someone they know is guilty? Or to do something they believe to be morally questionable, even if legally permissible, just because it’s their client’s instructions? Can, in fact, a good lawyer be a good person? You will tackle these questions and more through an in-depth examination of the moral and ethical questions surrounding legal practice; interrogating the idea that there might be something specific to law and legal practice that warrants a specific set of ethics – and what that should contain.
You will begin with an exploration of the moral reasoning and arguments that justify the notion of legal ethics. Equipped with these theoretical foundations, you will move to examine the practice of lawyers and lawyering; using a series of case studies and real-world examples to explore issues like conflict of interest, integrity, confidentiality and complicity. Through these case studies you will challenge your understanding of legal ethics and the notion of professional ethics more broadly. You'll gain an intellectually demanding introduction to the academic study of legal ethics, and the ethics of lawyering more broadly, which will push you to hone your skills of argumentation, analysis and critique.
How do different legal cultures address environmental problems? Is environmental quality a human right? Are market-orientated approaches the future of environmental law? Should human health or environmental health constitute the priority of law and policy? How can the pursuit of environmental justice inform environmental law and policy? By introducing you to examples and case studies from different jurisdictions and historical periods, your studies develop your ability to understand and critically evaluate environmental measures and policies in varied social, political and economic contexts. Each week you'll explore a legal response to a particular environmental problem. You will gain knowledge of the key principles, norms and regulatory approaches that underpin efforts to address environmental problems around the world. You will also develop the ability to critically reflect on the very idea of nature and on broader debates regarding precaution, prevention, adaptation that underpin environmental law.
When is a wedding a legal marriage? How does the law define domestic abuse? When can the state remove children from their parents’ care? Why is someone considered a legal parent in the first place?
You will consider these questions and more by learning about how law interacts with important aspects of personal life in the legal construction of families and responses to family problems. English family law is an exciting and fast-paced area of law. Many issues have undergone significant reform in recent years (marriage, civil partnerships, domestic abuse, child protection, adoption, divorce, child arrangements) and/or are currently the subject of major debates or reform proposals (cohabitation, weddings law, surrogacy, financial separation, child arrangements – again!). You will not only learn about what the law is, but also examine its underpinning policies and the socio-political context in which it operates.
Recurring themes and concepts will run throughout, such as the role of state intervention versus private ordering; individual or family autonomy; equality, rights and responsibilities within families; the priority and meaning given to child welfare; and strong norms and expectations attaching to gender, biology and heterosexual relationships. The extent to which English family law is inclusive of minority or disadvantaged groups in society will also be examined.
A safe and secure home is vital for a person's social and psychological wellbeing, yet homelessness continues to be a huge problem in the UK today. Is homelessness inevitable or is it the result of social, political and economic choices? What protection does the law provide for those without shelter or living in precarious housing?
Gain detailed knowledge of homelessness law and a comprehensive understanding of contemporary policy debates.
You will focus initially on key legal concepts and duties of local authorities towards people experiencing homelessness. You will then consider the wider sociological and political context. You will explore how differing values, including judgments about who is deserving and undeserving, pervade homelessness law and policies.
You will examine whether neoliberal policies promoting reliance on the market have been effective, or have weakened protections, thereby exacerbating inequalities.
Your learning will be supported by a combination of lectures, seminars and workshops. You will develop the ability to critically evaluate homelessness law and policies. You will gain a critical understanding of how responses to homelessness intersect with contemporary understandings of citizenship and the relationship between the individual and the state. You will be able to evaluate creative and innovative solutions to homelessness.
How do consumer markets shape and structure our consumption habits and decision-making? In this module, you will explore and critically reflect on the contemporary regulation of consumer markets. Consumer markets raise practical questions about everyday consumption of goods and services as well as theoretical issues about the role of the state in the regulation of markets. You will learn how to contrast and compare neo-liberal and social visions of consumer markets and examine different forms of consumer markets regulation. You will study topics such as:
You will build your understanding of and reflection on the law, policies and institutional frameworks concerning the regulation of consumer markets and develop insights on the exciting and ever-changing area of consumer law.
Follow your intellectual curiosity as you are guided to design, conduct and communicate research on a legal or socio-legal topic of your choice. Drawing on the rich culture of research and scholarship at Kent Law School, you will be supported to carefully define a research question, and then critically engage with and analyse current literature on the topic through regular contact with your supervisor, extending and deepening your analysis across the two terms. You will learn about rigorous and relevant legal and socio-legal research methods through a series of workshops and will demonstrate application of appropriate methods and frameworks in your own work. Finally, you will be encouraged to share your research in a mode of your choice, and also to reflect on the process of designing, carrying out and presenting a piece of research.
To be eligible for this module, you must arrange your own supervision within the Law School and confirm this with your supervisor in writing before the start of the module. Please note that not all staff will be available to supervise research projects every year, and that there will be a cap on the number of projects staff members can supervise.
Ever wondered how digital platforms can influence what you think, feel, and do? In this module, we explore the complex world of platform and surveillance capitalism, revealing how your personal data and sophisticated algorithms are used to shape your behaviour. We explore:
The module supports critical reflection and encourages you to examine your own lived experiences shaped by platform and surveillance capitalism. You can demonstrate your knowledge through traditional essays or explore non-traditional, creative formats. This might include mini-films, animations, or other creative expressions – the choice is yours! This approach empowers you to analyse platform and surveillance capitalism in a way that is meaningful to you while demonstrating your understanding with creativity and impact.
Is it possible to attain economic and social development through law? If so, what are the possibilities and limits of relying on law to bring about such changes? This module invites you to critically examine the role of law in the pursuit of economic, human, and social development globally. You will be introduced to scholarship from law, international development, anthropology, and politics that examine how certain notions of ‘development’ are codified through international instruments and how they have facilitated targeted legal reforms in different parts of the world. You will be invited to critically examine the role of international organisations in shaping ideas of what constitutes development and how those goals are pursued through international and national law.
In the first half of the module, you will map the theory, history, and extent of the international development field. In the second part of the module, you will focus on how specific social issues such as poverty, elections and democracy, rule of law, and gender-based violence have been identified as ‘developmental’ problems by international organisations and how they address them. The latter part also invites you to engage with the ‘local’ experiences of international development initiatives as represented in newspaper articles, documentaries, and literature.
Have you ever thought how much companies are capable of influencing society and daily life? From the quality of services provided to the prices charged; through to the potential for huge monetary losses for creditors in the event of insolvency. Multinational companies accumulate vast amounts of wealth and yet there are problems with governance and accountability. Who balances and checks decision making? You will examine contemporary debates around corporate governance. You will be provided with a critical understanding of modern capitalism and the rise of the modern multidivisional, multinational company and its impact on company law. You will explore in detail the nature of shareholdings and how shares are financed and even repurchased by a company. You will learn key aspects of corporate management and control, involving directors' duties, shareholders rights and remedies. You will examine the procedures triggered when a company fails financially, including corporate rescues and liquidations. You will go beyond what and why and look at the impact of companies. By the end of the module, you will be able to evaluate whether company law is formulated to meet the regulation of large modern corporations.
Dive into the realm of copyright law, where creativity and emerging technologies converge, presenting new challenges for protecting interests such as those of authors, users and online business models. You will explore the social and economic rationales for supporting these interests in the digital environment alongside policy interventions from an international and comparative perspective. You will assess the impact of copyright law on creativity, heavily influenced by new technologies, and evaluate whether the current copyright law system strikes a fair balance between protection and access to creative content, or whether a digital cultural revolution is necessary. Understanding these issues is crucial as it influences how we create, consume and share content online. More practically, the ability to apply knowledge of the rapidly changing digital environment is critical for advising businesses in creative industries. Examining intellectual property through the lens of creativity and technology will also equip you with the toolkit to assess emerging issues in other areas of intellectual property addressed in Brands, Inventions and Intellectual Property.
You have the opportunity to select elective modules in this stage.
How you'll study
As well as scheduled teaching hours, students in Kent Law School are expected to do an amount of independent study. For a student studying full time, each academic year of the programme includes approximately 1200 learning hours. Our popular mooting programme develops your advocacy skills in a simulated courtroom setting before a bench comprising local judges, practising barristers, solicitors and lecturers.
Teaching and assessment
Kent Law School emphasises research-led teaching, which means that the modules taught are at the leading edge of new legal and policy developments.
Most modules are assessed by end-of-year examinations and continuous assessment, the ratio varying from module to module, with Kent encouraging and supporting the development of research and written skills. Some modules include an optional research-based dissertation that counts for 45% or, in some cases, 100% of the final mark.
Assessment can also incorporate assessment through oral presentation and argument, often in the style of legal practice (such as mooting), and client-based work and reflection through our Law Clinic.
For a student studying full time, each academic year of the programme will comprise approximately 1200 learning hours which include both direct contact hours and private study hours. The precise breakdown of hours will be subject dependent and will vary according to modules. Please refer to the individual module details under Course Structure
Methods of assessment will vary according to subject specialism and individual modules.
For programme aims and learning outcomes, including for Joint Honours programmes and for Law with a Foundation Year, please see the programme specification.
The University has an excellent employment record, with Kent Law School graduates commanding some of the highest starting salaries in the UK. Law graduates can go into a variety of careers, including:
For students continuing on this programme, fees will increase year on year by no more than RPI + 3% in each academic year of study except where regulated.*
The University will assess your fee status as part of the application process. If you are uncertain about your fee status you may wish to seek advice from UKCISA before applying.
For details of when and how to pay fees and charges, please see our Student Finance Guide.
Find out more about accommodation and living costs, plus general additional costs that you may pay when studying at Kent.
Kent offers generous financial support schemes to assist eligible undergraduate students during their studies. See our funding page for more details.
We have a range of subject-specific awards and scholarships for academic, sporting and musical achievement.
Next steps
Any applicant to Law (this includes all Law programmes, including all joint programmes) who is currently studying or has previously studied Law at university level, even if the qualification was only partly completed or is incomplete, must state this clearly in the qualifications section of the UCAS form, and provide transcripts detailing this study direct to the University where available.
If you are from the UK or Ireland, you must apply for this course through UCAS. If you are not from the UK or Ireland, you can choose to apply through UCAS or directly on our website.
We welcome applications from students all around the world with a wide range of international qualifications.
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